Punctuation Review

Lecture Notes
More Punctuation Review

QUOTATION MARKS
Memorize these rules:

Rule 1a: Use quotation marks around direct quotations.
Rule 1b: Do not use quotation marks around indirect quotations and paraphrases.
Rule 2: Use quotation marks around the titles of short works.

QUOTATION MARKS with Other Punctuation
Memorize these patterns:

Other Punctuation	Placement	Sample
Periods	Always inside	“_______.”
Commas	Always inside	“_______,”
Semicolons	Always outside	“_______”;
Colons	Always outside	“_______”:
Question marks	Sometimes inside, sometimes outside	“_______?” or “_______”? (Is the question inside or outside the quotation?)
Exclamation marks	Sometimes inside, sometimes outside	“_______!” or “_______”! (Is the exclamation inside or outside the quotation?)
Other quotation marks	Doubles around the whole, singles around interior stuff	“_______ ‘________,’ _______.” or “_______ ‘_______.’” (Notice how the period goes inside all the quotation marks in the second example!)

UNDERLINING (a.k.a. ITALICS)
Memorize these rules:

Rule 1: Underline or italicize titles of longer works.
Rule 2: Underline or italicize names of ships (like the U.S.S. Carolina)
Rule 3: Underline or italicize words used out of context.
Rule 4: Underline or italicize foreign words.
Rule 5: Underline or italicize words that you want to emphasize or draw attention to.

TITLES: UNDERLINING vs. QUOTATION MARKS
Memorize these patterns:

Types of Work	Longer Work (The Whole)	Shorter Work (A Part)
book vs. short story	Tales of Terror	“The Telltale Heart”
book vs. poem	The Collected Poems of Sylvia Plath	“Last Words”
anthology vs. essay	The Best American Essays	“Shouting ‘Fire!’”*
newspaper vs. article	Washington Post	“Reading at the 8th Grade Level—in College”
magazine vs. article	Psychology Today	“Say ‘No’ and Mean It”*
CD vs. song	Cosmic Thing	“Cosmic Thing”
TV series vs. single episode	Northern Exposure	“Fish Story”
CD ROM vs. article	Cinemania	“The Making of Citizen Kane”*
full-length play	The Taming of the Shrew
feature film	The Matrix
painting or sculpture	Water Lilies

* Notice the punctuation of titles within titles and of quoted words within titles.

Answers to Exercises
Click HERE to check your answers for the exercises on quotation marks and underlining.

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