Principles of Biology : Quiz
13 Study Guide
We will take Quiz 13 on Wednesday, November 19. I
recommend that you answer these questions yourself or with classmates.
This not a graded assignment, nothing is to be turned in. These
questions are just to help you prepare for this quiz.
Reading: The quiz will cover the rest of Chapter 12 starting at
12.6 and all of Chapter 13. There are a lot of topics here, in
this extended-Mendelian world. With a firm understanding of gamete
production and chromosome behavior most of the topics can be reasoned
from the data. For example, knowing that males have only one
X-chromosome leads to the thought that the are essentially "haploid"
for this DNA. So, any mutation on the X-chromosome will be immediately
apparent (and act like a dominant gene) because there is no "recessive"
traits in haploids! You don't get the chance to have two genes if you
are male. In females, the X-chromosome works like the other 22 pairs
and "dominant" and "recessive" are often appropriate terms for gene
behavior.
Questions to consider from Chapter 12:
1) What is polygenic inheritance? Give an example.
2) What is pleiotropy? Give an example.
3) What is multi-allelic inheritance? Give an example.
4) What is incomplete dominance? Give an example.
5) What is codominance? Explain how the ABO blood system is an example
of codominance.
6) What is epistasis? See "epistasis in corn" page 233 and study figure
12.16. What does this have to do with biochemical pathways?
from Chapter 13
7) Explain sex determination and sex linkage. Examine figures 13.1 and
13.2.
8) What is hemophilia? How is it inherited?
9) What is a "pedigree?"
10) How can pedigrees be useful to geneticists?
11) What is a calico cat? What is X-chromosome inactivation? What is a
genetic mosaic? Why are they always female?
12) What is a chromosome map?
13) How were the first chromosome maps constructed? What are the
basic principles behind these maps?
14) What are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)?
15) What is non-disjunction? (Hint: leads to Down Syndrome)
16) What are autosomes? sex chromosomes?
17) What does non-disjunction of sex chromosomes cause?
18) What is amniocentesis? Chorionic Villi Sampling? What is the
immediate goal of these procedures? What information is gathered?
19) What is the Human Genome Project?
20) What does the future look like for early detection of genetic
conditions?
21) What are the social, legal and moral implications of this
knowledge? < This question is for us to think about. It will not be
on the quiz. It is TOO BIG for that! >
November 15,
10:30 a.m.